nursery and fattening pigs 

How to do…high efficiency

            “Continuous effect” or “Carry over effect”, such as birth weight affects weaning weight, weaning weight affects growth rate during kindergarten. or the growth rate during the first week of kindergarten affects the growth rate throughout the nursery period. which is something that every farm must focus on Because weaned pigs come down the first week is a critical period. must take good care while the growth rate during suckling It affects the growth rate during the fattening pig, so if you want the fattening pig to have a good growth rate It must be managed well from the birth coop.

First weight. According to research studies, it was found that Birth weight affects weaning weight. If the first piglet is born large Weaning weight also tends to be good. With every 100g increase in birth weight, a 700g increase in weaning weight. small piglets It is difficult to have a good weaning weight. Therefore, find a way to reduce the small children. Moreover, a birth weight of 1.9 kg resulted in better growth rates and feed conversion efficiency in fattening pigs than low birth weight piglets ( less than 1.2 kg). for ease of management

Weaning weight Affects growth in kindergarten If weaning weight is good Growing up in kindergarten will be good as well. and when the weight is well weaned It also reduces the problem of growth stagnation (set back) during the first week in kindergarten as well. It is something that farmers need to focus on. Importantly, a good weaning weight helps fattening pigs sell faster. The difference in weaning weight of 1 kg helps the fattening pigs sell 3-5 days faster, resulting in lower production costs. 

As for the weaning weight on the growth rate in nursery pigs, it was found that it had an effect of about 35 percent, meaning that the weaned weight was 6.5 kg. The nursery period was 5 weeks, the growth rate was 379.5 g per day. But if the weaned weight was 7.5 kg, the growth rate increased to 410. 7 grams per day or about 2 kilograms in nursery weight difference. Farmers therefore need to focus on weaning weight which is the easiest method. 

If there is enough maternity coop, that is to hold the weaning period. Because of research abroad found that big wean have a problem of recession after weaning is low Better growth in kindergarten And there is also a research found that weaning age, weaning weight. Affecting the growth rate in kindergarten and fattening. Helps to reduce mortality in kindergarten. Swine is healthy because it receives milk from the mother fully. And the correct management of piglets in the farrowing house is a way to increase weaning weight.

From the study, the effect of growth rate in the maternity or the effect of weight, weaning and length of raising children Affects the growth rate in the fattening pig about 24-25 percent. Must make the growth rate in the maternity or weight well before weaning which must start from paying attention to the health of the breeder management in the maternity so that kindergarten and fattening have good production efficiency Helping the production cycle of the farm faster. get paid fast lower production costs

Health at herd level” or “Health Status” using zero-profile results as a tool for monitoring disease and telling the status of the whole farm. PRRS, zircovirus and PED with random blood samples collected every 6 months to assess the situation and prevent disease management programs. At the same time, there is also a PCR test that can tell the amount of the virus. Currently, it is used in conjunction with zero profile in the surveillance and monitoring of PRRS in herds. For example, the first farm is a PRRS and Zercovirus vaccination farm. 

The results showed that At the end of the fertilization period, immunity to zircovirus begins to disappear. while PRRS There are still positives. This may be caused by re-infection during fattening. But this farm does not lose because the two diseases are not infected at the same time. so no damage It was considered a farm with good production efficiency. Farm 2 did not vaccinate against PRRS disease in kindergarten and fattening. 

Do only zircovirus vaccine at 3 weeks. Late immunity to zircovirus is also almost negative. It is a farm that sells low weight fattening pigs. During the re-infection of PRRS, it was sold out and the two diseases did not occur at the same time. intact and has good production efficiency Unlike most problematic farms, zircovirus and PRRS occur simultaneously, eg at 16 weeks in finishing pigs. therefore severely damaged

It is well known that The price of pigs in front of the farm fluctuates according to market forces. Likewise, animal feed prices fluctuate according to raw material prices. Therefore, in order to keep production costs per unit low, Farmers need to pay attention to management, especially “nursery pigs” and “fattening piglets” for high production efficiency. low loss rate Helps to produce products to the market continuously. Get a good return and stay in a sustainable pig farming career.

“Feed Budgeting” is the management of food portion distribution in various phases. To be suitable for the weight, species and carcass quality, which after Feed Budgeting is the growth rate and better feed conversion efficiency Without having to change the recipe, but the Feed Budgeting of each farm is different, you need to find the right proportion of food yourself. But must know that 

How are pigs growing at each stage? 

which from the research study found that During the period when the pigs are growing very fast is the end of kindergarten to the sow This is when the pigs produce the most red meat. From red meat and fat accumulation, it was found that pigs accumulated more red meat than fat in the 20 kg weight range until their weight was 70-75 kg, depending on the breed. Protein accumulation begins to decrease. Fat increases over time, so focus should be given to feeding in the younger generation that builds up red meat. But should not accelerate the diet too much during fattening. because it is during the accumulation of fat will make the carcass quality worse

converting food to fat Approximately 80 g of food obtained 20 g of fat, compared to the conversion of 100 g of red meat to 80 g of red meat. Producing red meat requires less feed than fat, so during the growing pigs, more feed is needed. In order to create more red meat as well by doing Feed Budgeting,

it starts with determining the efficiency of the desired feed conversion, age, weight to replace the feed, and tracking whether the hair is as expected or not. and monitor the carcass quality, for example, the efficiency of food conversion is required 2. 5 weight gain of 80 kg. Use about 200 kg of food, then divide the proportion. It was 25 kilograms of nursery feed, 220 kilograms of nursery feed, 100 kilograms of feed for young pigs, 60 kilograms of feed for young pigs and 20 kilograms of feed for fattening pigs. Helps to produce good performance. Unlike farms that focus only on fattening pigs

For example, for farms that continuously feed budgeting, in the first farm, fattening pigs weighing 22 kg, withdraw weight 105-107 kg, fed about 15% of kindergarten 2 feed, 50 percent small pigs, 25% young pigs, and 10 percent fattening pigs. Growth 700 g/day, feed conversion efficiency 2.4 Farm 2, 20 kg fattening pigs, sold weight 93-94 kg, 

feed about 16% nursery 2 feed, 46% young pig feed, 37% young pig feed, and 1 percent fattening pig feed. because it sells fast The growth rate was 780 kg. The efficiency of food change was 2.3-2.4, the average eating was 1.9 kg per day. Demonstrate that farms that are consistently managing Feed Budgeting will have consistently good production efficiency It is something that each farm should do by experimenting with the proper feed budgeting ratio for the farm. to improve production efficiency

Doing Feed Budgeting depends on the species. And carcass quality, if not tested, may cause problems with carcass quality. because there is too much fat accumulation More importantly, care must be taken to prevent pigs from getting sick, otherwise their intake will be reduced. 

Farmers must also monitor the pig’s feed intake whether it meets the standards or not. While differences in nutrient levels in recipes and the quality of feed used are important. Is there a difference between the nutrient level of the food bag and the reality? Mixing the raw materials used is good or not. Especially food that uses substitute ingredients, there is a chance that the quality of the food will be different. Because the quality of each substitute raw material is different.

“Environment” starts with temperature suitable for each age range. The temperature inside the house affects the feedability of nursery pigs. if the temperature rises Eating tends to decrease. and it became even more evident as the pigs grew larger. Especially the fattening version that must make the house open, airy and cool. Or raised in a good closed house system. 

The temperature in the house is appropriate. Help the pigs to eat more food. But during nursery and young pigs, the temperature must be adjusted accordingly. Because after weaning, nursery pigs still need high temperatures. After that it gradually decreased. which many farms have made a toilet at the end of the kindergarten coop for the pigs to cool off during the end of kindergarten This results in continued good edibility and production efficiency.

house cleanliness From the study of the number of bacteria in the house and the growth of pigs, it was found that If the amount of infection is large The growth rate was reduced. Shows the problem of exposure to the virus. And when pigs are infected, they need to convert nutrients into immunity to fight pathogens. Therefore, the focus must be on cleaning the house. prevent accumulation of germs Stalls are cleaned as standard. and clean the pen regularly. for ease of management In addition, the house must have good ventilation. No problem of ammonia gas accumulation

“Special treatment in each age” Farms with good productivity usually have special management techniques to supplement each age. Let’s start with the first day’s handling and grading. The research has shown that if the size of the piglet is consistent, it will help to have a good growth rate. While moving nursery pigs should be done in the morning. Because it has less effect on growth than moving in the afternoon and evening. 

Because after moving in the morning, they still have 6-8 hours to take care of this group of piglets, so there is an opportunity to prevent the pigs from relapse after moving. that affect growth In which farms that are productive will move pigs to nursery in the morning. For example, in a farm, pigs nursed on the first day of nursery have wet food, dry food, water and rear matting, a reed fire and a water toilet. When the reed fire is removed, water is added. at the toilet The piglets are well distributed in the pen. temperature and ventilation and appropriate density helps to eat well high production efficiency

small piglet care Many farms with enough greenhouses and pens Or it can be managed by dividing the piglets size into Grade A which is large, Grade B is medium and Grade C is Small. They are reared separately in each pen. with extra milk and liquid food for the youngest baby by feeding powdered milk at the

 feeding trough or soluble milk or melted milk poured over food as wet food After about 7-10 days of supplementation, the small group will be larger, healthier, and keep up with the others. Before moving into the Khun House electrolyte supplementation Because small piglets are more prone to water loss than normal piglets. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the dehydration of the small child by giving 3-4 times a day, while the reed box, the reed light must be given extra long in the small child. 

Because it is relatively cold tolerant than large piglets. Intermittent use of antibiotics injected or mixed with water considering that When do pigs get sick? This requires employees who have enough experience to observe that abnormalities. The pig became sick and immediately decided to give the drug. or if the percentage of sickness increases by 20-30 percent,

 then mix the drug in the food Quick decision-making prevents more pigs from getting sick. especially in small piglets while separating pigs by unit is something that many farms especially large farms But there must be enough kindergarten. Handling the problem of some children with the disease In large farms, it is difficult for children to have consistent immunity. It will help reduce illness. and helps to improve production efficiency as well

Good temperature management and ventilation Helps prevent cold stress problems that affect growth, especially nursery pigs that need warmth during the first 2 weeks. A week requires an average temperature of 31 degrees Celsius, and then decreases by 1 degree Celsius per week, which farmers must manage correctly, whether the boxes of reeds or reed lights are enough or not. If it’s not enough, it needs to be fixed. Keep the brood warm at the age of 7-8 weeks, put water in the water toilet, turn on the fan to cool the house. These require careful management of pigs at each stage of life. 

Most kindergarten houses have curtains to prevent the wind and close the curtains because they are afraid of cold kindergarten pigs. But keeping the house warm isn’t enough. There must also be good ventilation, otherwise stress and loss of illness can occur. Therefore, nursery houses must have curtains and must be well ventilated, i.e. close the curtains below to prevent the wind from hitting the pigs directly. but the top does not block in order to vent various gases Helps pigs stay comfortable, not stressed. and growing well

The study found that eating Affects growth in nursery and fattening pigs Therefore, there must be a way for the pigs to eat as much as possible. The food area must be sufficient. have enough food to eat Nursery pigs need a lot of space to eat. The feed quality is good, fresh, while pigs of all ages prefer wet food, so wet cooking will increase feed intake. 

And if the pigs have a problem with site breakage more than 10 percent must check. Is it caused by insufficient eating area? And most importantly, labor must have quality in management to increase food intake. which the more pigs can eat The higher the growth rate, the better in both nursery and fattening pigs.

Techniques and methods for increasing productivity in nursery and fattening pigs Each farmer should apply it appropriately. to increase the efficiency of production on their own farms The important factors are the supervisor, team quality, and good management throughout the swine production chain. Swine health monitoring at all times appropriate environmental management, especially cleanliness Breakfast is all out. 

This is an important basis that cannot be ignored. Feed budgeting to improve feed conversion efficiency. It is something that each farm has to study, experiment and find the right place for the farm, including the care of small piglets. to reduce wastage If practiced correctly, it will improve the farm’s productivity…